Research on Undecylenoyl phenylalanine Proof Reading Services

Research on Undecylenoyl phenylalanine Proof Reading Services

This is the solution of research undecylenoyl phenlalanine assignment help in which we discuss that The research is conducted to ensure if Undecylenoyl phenylalanine is safer and works faster in the problem of pigmentation than hydroquinone.

Introduction

Chapter 1

Introduction

There is some special cells in the skin, which make melanin and this melanin is a pigment that gives different colors to our skin. Due to the damage of these cells, melanin production is affected. These unhealthy cells and melanin production reflect on our skin and can cause miasma, which is a chronic skin problem. The research aims to justify the research question, whether Undecylenoyl phenylalanine is more effective, safer and faster than the widely used hydroquinone at getting rid of the pigmentation, which can lead an individual to face embarrassment. With the aim for a better research work, the researcher will conduct a survey by including participants and giving them questionnaire (Traub & Spoor, 2013). 

Background of the research

The research is conducted to ensure if Undecylenoyl phenylalanine is safer and works faster in the problem of pigmentation than hydroquinone. Undecylenoyl phenylalanine consists of lipid residue, fatty acid and amino acid. This compound acts like beta-adrenergic receptor (β-ADR) antagonist and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and it is used mainly as a skin whitening agent and it prevents the related cells to produce melanin pigmentation in the skin (van Leeuwen et al. 2014). On the other hand, hydroquinone is an organic compound of phenol and it is an aromatic compound. This compound is also used as a personal care for skin whitening and it is used in skin bleaching. Pregnant women are strictly prohibited to use the cream made of this compound. This compound cause severe allergic skin reaction, such as hives, skin redness, itching, rashes, swelling of mouth and many more. It can causes mild burning sensation or dryness in the skin (Guo et al. 2014).   

Research rationale

Pigmentation is a major issue especially for women. However, any individual can suffer from pigmentation. Due to the loss of melanocytes or from unhealthy melanocytes, melanin production can be hampered. Pigmentation disorder can affect human skin color and can create allergic symptoms. Research is continued in all over the world to get rid of this issue, skin disorder. Skin pigmentation related medicine and beauty products mainly use undecylenoyl phenylalanine orhydroquinone as a remedy of this issue (van Leeuwen et al. 2015).

Pigmentation disorder can cause irritation and skin sensation or burning. When this disorder reflects on the face of an individual, it creates embarrassment for the person. People use undecylenoyl phenylalanine orhydroquinone to reduce this skin problem (Bacon et al. 2013). However, there are some side effects in both the compound, especially in hydroquinone. The use of hydroquinone can cause breathing problem, hives, skin redness, itching, burning, blisters and dryness. Even sometimes, it causes skin cracking and bleeding. Along with these irritations, blue discoloration of skin can be caused especially among people with dark complexion (African-American). Therefore, it is a serious issue (Celekli, Kap? & Bozkurt, 2013).

Research aims and objectives

Aims: The main aim of this research is to understand the impacts of undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone in the treatment of pigmentation. Apart from this researchers will have to decide whether undecylenoyl phenylalanine is better, safer and effective than hydroquinone to get rid of the skin pigmentation. 

Objectives

• To measure the impact of undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone in the treatment of pigmentation
• To identify the effects and side effects of using undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone
• To critically analyze the risk factors of applying undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone on the skin
• To examine the challenges of using such chemicals in medicine or beauty products that are related to skin pigmentation
• To provide recommendations about the usage of undecylenoyl phenylalanine is safer and faster than hydroquinone or not. 

Research question

• What is the nature of undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone?
• What is the impact of undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone in reducing pigmentation?
• What are the challenges of using undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone in a medicine or beauty product?
• What can be the effective ways to identify the better chemical for applying on human skin to reduce pigmentation between undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone?

Research hypothesis

H₀ undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone helps in get rid of pigmentation
H₁ undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone do not help in get rid of pigmentation

Research summary

In the prior study, an analysis has been conducted to understand the effects and side effects of undecylenoyl phenylalanine and hydroquinone regarding the skin pigmentation problem. The research aims to identify the effectiveness of the compounds and to spot the negative impacts of the compounds on human skin.

Chapter 2: Literature review

Factors cause pigmentation

According to Han et al. (2014), pigmentation can be caused for various reasons. Pigmentation disorder is categorized into most common miasma (hyperpigmentation), vitiligo (hypopigmentation), darkening of the skin (hyperpigmentary disorder) and disorder in normal skin color (hypopigmentary disorder). Suggested by Juturu, Khaiat & Deshpande (2016), miasma is the severe problem for the pregnant women in the USA, as 5 to 6 million women are affected with this skin disorder. Stated by Laughlin et al.(2016), pigmentation is caused by the unhealthy or disordered or loss of melanocytes in the human skin. There will be a severe problem if the melanin production is hampered by the loss of melanocytes and pigmentation problem will be raised. Suggested by Nakamura et al. (2013), an increase of melanin by pregnancy, oral contraception, other hormonal changes and exposure to the sun can cause pigmentation problem. Argued by Osborne et al. (2012), pigmentation can be caused by using low quality of cosmetics, bleaching skin, coloring hair, by using aromatic or perfumed products. Hair colouring and bleaching has same effects in causing pigmentation.

Chemicals having side effects are used in hair colour and bleaching products, these dangerous chemicals can passed on to human skin and can increase the risk of pigmentation. People loves fragrance, but if an individual has allergy or sensitive skin then it will be better to avoid using perfumed products. According to Goh, Haseeb & Sabri (2013), Pigmentation can be caused by leading poor life style. traumatic stress and Mental stress affects human skin and causes pigmentation. Due to the increase of free radicals in human body, skin pigmentation can be caused and radicals are increased when mental stress or anxiety comes out. Stated by Traub, & Spoor (2013), smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can be the reason of pigmentation, as smoking reduces the level of antioxidant from human body and provides various toxic compounds in the body. Excessive alcohol consumption is also unhealthy and affects our lever, which reduces the skin quality. Therefore, it can cause pigmentation.        

Impact of undecylenoyl phenylalanine or hydroquinone in reducing pigmentation

Medicines or other beauty products, which are related to skin use either undecylenoyl phenylalanine or hydroquinone. According to Laughlin et al.(2016), both compounds are used to enhance the fairness and brightness of the skin and it is used to reduce skin pigmentation. It seems that undecylenoyl phenylalanine has a good impact on skin, as it works effectively on pigmentation, brown spots, melanin or other skin problems. Suggested by Osborne et al. (2012), pigmentation includes different types of skin irritation, such as redness, dryness, rashes, itching, burning sensation and many more. It is observed that all these problems can be solved by using undecylenoyl phenylalanine. However, it is not clearly said anywhere that this ingredient is low hazard. Argued by van Leuven et al. (2015), undecylenoyl phenylalanine has a positive impact in skin pigmentation and it works in a safer and faster way than the other competitive component, hydroquinone.

According to Juturu, Khaiat & Deshpande (2016), Hydroquinone is used mainly as a skin-whitening component; therefore, it is also used to reduce pigmentation problems as it can lighten the dark spots and other marks due to pigmentation. Argued by Nakamura et al. (2013), this component whitens the skin complexion by destroying the pigment cells, which causes disorder in the production of melanocytes. Hence, it is true that this component is used to reduce pigmentation, but it has many side effects. According to Traub & Spoor (2013), hydroquinone decreases the production of melanocytes and increases the melanin pigment granules in melanocytes cells. Therefore, it can cause disorder in the cell production. Suggested by Bacon et al. (2013), hydroquinone may be helpful to reduce pigmentation problem, but to maintaining the effectiveness of this compound an individual has to take some precautions, such as wearing protective dress, staying out of the sun, using SPF15+ beauty products under the sun. Stated by Osborne et al. (2012), products having hydroquinone should not be applied near nose, eyes and mouth, as it can affect sensitive areas of the human skin by causing dryness, cracking and bleeding. Therefore, it is clearly understood that hydroquinone is less effective than undecylenoyl phenylalanine to reduce pigmentation.   

Chapter 3: Research methodology

Type of investigation

Research methodology is the responsibility of the researchers to select an appropriate approach to conduct a successful research. Inductive approach deals with the generation of new theory that comes from the collected data. Whereas a deductive approach works with the theory. Research questions are used by the inductive approach and deductive approach starts with hypothesis. In this particular research, deductive approaches been selected as deductive approach is associated with the quantitative research type and it depends on the study of the basic theories. Researchers can identify the research gap with the help of deductive approach. In deductive approach, scientific methods and models are used to carry out the research work smoothly.   

As suggested by Robson & McCarran (2016), researchers should set an appropriate research philosophy, as the researchers have to work on various assumptions, such as nature of society that is real and nature of science that is proven logically. There are three key type of research philosophy, such as positivism, realism and interpretive. Researchers will adopt Positivism as an appropriate philosophy to carry out their research. Positivism philosophy works based on the natural phenomena and factors related to it. According to positivism, all worldly items or facts are kept in the universe and it is required to analyze those materialistic facts by using methods. This study is based on the academic studies related to the social realities. Positivism works with the concrete evidence collected from academic studies and sensory experience (Flick, 2015).      

Researchers have to choose a perfect research design to ensure that the collected data can effectively identify the problem and can solve the issue logically. With the implementation of an appropriate design, researchers can set a concept regarding the evaluation of the research program, analysing the collected data and execute the research work. Descriptive research helps researchers to describe their target participants. For conducting a good research method in this current topic, researchers have chosen descriptive research design as it has a constructive impact in the research work. There are three effective steps in descriptive research design to describe participants in a simple way (Keutmann et al. 2015). In observational stage, participants of the survey are watched and their activities are recorded. In the next step, the case study of the selected group of individuals is analysed. The last step is survey, and in this stage participants have to face interviews and group discussion.    

Data collection and analysis plan

Data collection will be conducted through primary and secondary data collection process. Secondary data will be collected from books, journals and internet sources.  On the other hand, the primary data will be collected through quantitative and qualitative data collection process. Under quantitative process, the researcher will conduct survey and under qualitative interview. Researcher will select participant for the survey in probability manner and for interview, they will select participants through non-probability sampling methods. The total participants for quantitative method will be 80 whereas the total participants for qualitative will be five.

The quantitative data will be analyzed by using charts, graphs and tables along with the statistical tools like mean, median, mode and standard deviation. Further, the qualitative data will be analyzed through comparing the opinions of the interviewees.

Ethical consideration

According to the data protection laws and information privacy policy law, researchers will conduct the research without the violation of the rules and regulations. It will be the responsibility of the researchers to take care of the human sentiment and their respect. Researchers will identify ethical consideration, will make a list of ethical issues and will explain those. They will ensure the participants that they can withdraw their own participation whenever they want. Researchers will ensure that the identity will be taken as anonymous and data collected prom the participants will be kept secretly. Individual participant will be treated as sovereign and they will be treated with full respect. Researchers will protect the participants having diminished autonomy in the survey (Billing & Waterman, 2014).     

Anticipated research outcome

The research is carrying out by the researchers with the aim to get a suitable answer regarding the given question if undecylenoyl phenylalanine works faster and effectively than hydroquinone in the treatment of skin pigmentation. Researchers will have to compare both the compounds, based on their features. Both the chemical ingredients have some negative impacts on human skin.

Reference

• Billig, S. H., & Waterman, A. S. (Eds.). (2014). Studying service-learning: Innovations in education research methodology. Routledge.
• Flick, U. (2015). Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage.
• Laughlin, I. I., Timothy, L., Hakozaki, T., & Gupta, S. (2016). U.S. Patent No. 20,160,074,293. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
• Robson, C., & McCartan, K. (2016). Real world research. Wiley.
• Traub, E. F., & Spoor, H. J. (2013). Melanin and tyrosinase association in normal and pathological skin pigmentation. Pigment Cell Growth, 211.