CHCECE016 Establish Maintain Safe and Healthy Environment for Children

CHCECE016 Establish Maintain Safe and Healthy Environment for Children

SCENARIO 1 EARLY CHILDHOOD CONSULTANT

You are an early childhood consultant who has been called in to assist an early childhood service which has received a rating of ‘Significant Improvement Required” particularly in the area of children’s health and safety.

You have met with management and staff and you have been asked to review all of the service’s policies and procedures for health and safety and to provide the following information to management. The management body expects that the information you provide will be the latest, most up-to-date and reliable information available so you must source your information from recognised authorities and you must include all your sources in the information you provide to management. 

1. A list of the health and safety policies and procedures that the service should have in place under the National Regulations and Quality Standards.

According to the national regulations and quality standards, following health and safety procedures should be in place in every early child care service including this one.

a. Child health needs are required to be supported and promoted.

b. Child’s need of sleep, rest and other activities are to be meet in a satisfactory manner.

c. Proper hygiene practices are in place and they are promoted in each child.

d. Right and healthy eating and physical activities are incorporated in daily activities.

e. Nutrition level of every food product or beverage provided to a child is verified.

f. Ensure that physical activities and exercises are appropriate for child of that age.

g. Proper supervision is in place and children are supervised while doing any activities.

h. Staffs are trained for handling any emergency, injury and also know how to respond in case of emergency.

i. Educator is trained to assess the risk of harm and hazard at service centre and protect the children from it.

j. Responsibilities and accountability of each coordinator, educator and staff is made aware to them in context of abuse and neglect of child.

2. Hazard identification and reporting procedure that can be put in place in the service to ensure that any hazards or safety issues are communicated to the appropriate person in a timely manner and not left until someone has a serious accident.

According to the national regulations and quality standards following hazards identifications and reporting procedure should be in place in every child care service including this one.

Children’s ability starts to develops in early stages and often falls so proper barriers or gates should be used while children plays on stairs. Furniture and sharp objects should be removed. Medicines and harmful chemical should not be put near children. floors must be kept clean because sometimes the children slip while playing on the slippery floors. The children are unaware while playing and physically gets hurts by objects on floors. They can get hurt also by the poor lightning in the playing rooms and use of fumes, sprays, gases in the children rooms this many create serious health issue. The staff member should take care that children do not get contacted by any contaminated objects or bacteria which is harmful for their health

The reporting procedure that is put in place in a hazardous condition there are number of ways:

a. Fill hazard report form

b. Staff members should verbally report to the supervisor.

c. Discuss hazard issue related to children in case of serious diseases in meeting.

The child care centre will also have a specific procedure for emergency situation and Staff should be trained for handling an emergency issue, injury and also know how to respond in case of emergency.

3. Create a half page fact sheet or small brochure for staff that will help other staff understand the importance of supporting children’s agency so that the children take more responsibility for their health and physical well-being (rather than the staff doing everything for the children, which is what happens in the centre at the moment). Include some photos or examples to help the new staff understand this topic.

4. Create an information booklet for parents about 5 of the most common illnesses or infections (see below) that children develop so that the parents understand:

(i) The service’s immediate response to a child who develops any illness or infection while they are in the centre;

and 

(ii)The parent’s responsibilities in relation to the 5 illnesses listed below                       

And

(iii) How the centre can limit the spread of that illness or infection.

The parent information book should also list all of the notifiable diseases so that parents understand their responsibility for getting in touch with the service to let you know that their child has a notifiable disease. It should also explain what the service must do in the case of a major outbreak of a modifiable disease.

The illnesses and infections that have been most common in the centre in the last 12 months are:

A. Common cold:

Common cold is the contagious viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. Common symptoms are tickle in the nose, a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, headache, mild fever, muscles aches and loss of appetite. If these types of symptoms are observed in the child then service centre should immediately contact to their parents to take them home or should provide some medicine so that he feel relaxed. Proper sleep is needed after taking medicine. If this symptoms are seen at home them child should not send to the childcare centre. Parents and educators should guide the child that he should not shake their hands with other child, he should wash their hands well after blowing their nose, they should sneeze and cough into their elbow not in hands, no sharing of towels, drinking glasses and eating utensils with other, etc. it is advice to the centre to keep this type of people in privilege .provide them a sick room so that child can take rest. 

B. Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis which is commonly known as pinkeye .it is caused due to infection of virus, bacteria, allergen, etc. If eye of any child looks pink when they are is service centre then it is responsibility of educator to take the child to the wash basin and make him wash the eyes with clean hands. If child is very small then they can keep a wet warm cloth on the eyes of the child and make him engaged with different activities like listening music or stories. Parent’s responsibility is to take the child to the doctor and provide him with the proper treatment. Eye drops should be given on proper timings. They should not sent their child to the childcare centre until and unless the illness is not been cured. Centre can stop the illness by treating the child separately, making him wear black goggles all the time.

C. Diarrhoea and vomiting (gastroenteritis):

Diarrhoea and vomiting is a common illness especially in child. It is an infection of the bowel. Vomiting is a body’s way to ridding of harmful substances from the stomach. The most common causes of vomiting is food poisoning. If at the care centre the child suffers from gastroenteritis then they should first clean the cloth of the child and the place where he had vomited. Then same medicine should be given to him and then they should inform the parents about the child health and inquired about the food which they had eaten at home or last night. Parents should try to find out the reason of vomiting that what they have consumed was healthy or spoiled, or the child is allergic of something or some food which he should not consume. Childcare centre can check the quality of food where it is healthy or not so that other child does not get infected with it.

D. Head lice

The head lice problem generally spread in children between 6 to 14 days to become fully grown. These are like parasites sucks blood from scalps. The children gets commonly in close head to head contact and generally lies spread in unwashed and dirty hairs. The child usually a scratch head is the signs of head lies. This can be prevented by keeping the child away from other children and also washed their heads daily. Use good products to remove the lies and also keep hair accessories clean.

E. Impetigo –

Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection. This is a common skin infection in children. Children who wear diaper get it around diaper area. Symptoms of impetigo are red sores   that pop easily and    leave a yellow crust. The child care centre should take care of the infected child, so that the infection will not spread to the other children and also give counselling to the child parents about the precautions should they has to taken in this impetigo infection. The disease is cured by many ways which including this one

a)    Make that the affected area should be cleaned several times, using medicines or clean water.

b)    Do not wear clothes which stick to the body.

c)    Avoid touching the infected areas affected by infection.

The prevention from this infection includes this one. The child infected by impetigo must take care by using clean towel in bathing and cleaning to dry body. Use antibacterial soap in bathing the child. Cleaning and covering the infection. There are some more diseases which can cause illness and disease to the children which are chickenpox, whooping cough, three days fever (roseola infantum) , hand, foot, and mouth disease and scarlet fever. Parents and educators should be very much aware about it.

5.One of the most worrying outcomes of the service’s recent Assessment and Rating visit was the poor standard of hygiene observed by the Assessor. Management urgently need you to provide an in-service training session for staff and parents on effective hygiene practices within the centre – not one parent has been observed washing their hands when they come into the centre but they complain very loudly when the toys look a bit dirty. These are just two of the many topics that you will need to include in the training session. Submit an outline of at least 5 topics you will cover in your in-service session (at least a paragraph for each topic), include any resources that the service should have on display, and include comprehensive details of all your sources of information.

Following points should be adopted for effective hygiene practice at home as well as at centre which are

A. They should be made aware of importance of washing their hands along with make them understand at what time it is required. This can be implemented in children by observing their parents, whenever they come back to come from outside, before and after consuming any kind of food, using toilet, they should wash their hand so that the same practice can be made adopted by their wards

B. Importance of brushing their teeth twice a day along with teaching them how to brush their teeth.

c. Keeping the surrounding clean and how it can be done 

D. By taking part in activity related to kitchen so that they can also get involved in that and can learn the use of all the utensil and equipment available in kitchen.

E. Teaching them not to share their personal things which includes comb, tooth brush, towel with any other children as it can cause infection. This can be done by not sharing this thing with one another at home as it is said that whatever the children observe, they follow.

F. During the assessment and rating visit, the assessor questioned staff about the rest/sleep policy and practices in the service. The assessor observed that after lunch many children crowded into the bathroom at the same time, some going to the toilet, some washing their face and hands at the 3 hand basins and some of them changing their clothes. As a result of the over-crowding two children were hurt and several children ran out of the bathroom with wet feet and ran over other children’s beds to get to their own beds.  The staff insisted that every child had to lie on their bed in the very small sleep room where the beds were squeezed in close together and each child was firmly patted to sleep. When questioned by the assessor, the staff replied that:

a. they were told that they had to encourage the children to be independent with self-help skills in the bathroom to promote their physical well-being,

b. that children had to have a sleep because they got too tired and cranky  in the afternoon if they didn’t have a sleep,

c. all children had to sleep in one room to allow for staff to go on lunch breaks.

Provide a detailed recommendation to the service to improve their rest/sleep practices including references for your information.

The following recommendation to the service can be adopted to improve their rest/ sleep practices

1. Children should be divided into small groups so that proper care on each and everyone can be taken.

2. Since the washroom is small in size, At a time only 5 children can be allowed to go to washroom.

3. Each child can be allotted their own bed so that they don’t run to get any bed any fight for a single place.

4. Doormats must be kept outside the washroom as well as below the bed so that there wet foot does not make their bed dirty.

5. The sleeping room can be enlarged as it is very small in size, children need open, precious area to explore themself and even the beds are arranged so close to each other which increases the risk.

SCENARIO 2    CHILDREN’S HEALTH NEEDS

As Director of a long day care centre, you have accepted 2 children from the waiting list both of whom will start in the next 2 weeks. When one family placed their children on the waiting list they advised you that their 2 year old child has Down Syndrome. The second family has just informed you that their 1 year old child has a severe allergy to eggs.

Based on Regulation 90 from the Education and Care Services National Regulations which states that every service must have a Medical Conditions Policy and Procedures for the management of a child’s health needs (P108), explain in detail how you will meet the specific ongoing health needs of each of these children. Your explanation of the Medical Conditions policy and procedure will include the enrolment process, the communication plan, and ongoing strategies to support the children’s day to day health needs, risk minimisation strategies, accessing support for the service from specialist services and ensuring you have the most current information about the child’s health needs.

Ans -The specific ongoing health needs of each of these children’s can be meet by the following ways

Children suffering from Down syndrome must be given special treatment and care as compared to others. They should be provided a separate room and there care takers should be given proper training to deal with such children. As this children may have less visibility n problem in hearing due to which the care centre must   e that there should not be anything which can harm them as they can’t see properly. Food which is provided to them must be planned according to the diet given to them by their doctor. Time to time diagnosis should be done and a comparison should be made between the present reports with the past, so that improvement can be recorded. The person who looks after such children should be able to build an emotional attachment with the children so that they fell comfortable with that person. They can give them opportunity to get mix with other children. They even have poor sleeping problem which leads to behavioural problem and impair learning. Basic training regarding sign language can be provided to them so that they can communicate if they are facing any kind of problem. Them should be motivated to do their own work on their own which they can do. Proper communication with their parents regarding day to day activity should be done on daily basis.

Egg allergy develops when the body’s immune system becomes sensitized and overreacts to proteins in egg whites or yolks. According to research 2% of children have allergy to eggs which gets outgrow by the age16. It a one of the most common food allergy among children. Within a short period of time after eating or even touching it, symptom can be seen which consist of skin reaction such as swelling, rash, hives or eczema, wheezing or difficulty breathing, runny nose and sneezing or red watery eyes, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea and anaphylaxis. Service centre must have record of children suffering for this allergy and should plan their diet so that it does not include egg. They should not be given packed food as it may contain egg in it which might not be mentioned on the packet. They should even not allowed to eat food with other children as there meal may consist of egg. Medicines which are been prescribed to them by the doctor mush be made available in the centre. Creams like antihistamines, decongestants and hydrocortisone should be made available at the centre. In case of emergency epinephrine injection should be available with the centre and two to three staff member should be provided training regarding its usage so that in severe case the situation can be controlled. Children should wear loose cloths so that they can breathe properly as children suffering from allergy of egg do have breathing problem. Monthly check-up should be done so that there improvement can be viewed.  

SCENARIO 3    IMMUNISATION

The NT Centre for Communicable Diseases has issued a media release expressing concern about the rise in the number of children being admitted to hospital with measles. Several parents have approached you to find out whether any children from your centre have had measles. You cannot disclose this information but you decide that this is a good time to write a newsletter item to remind all the families and the staff about the importance of immunisation for children and adults in early childhood services and to reassure families that the procedures that are in place in this service meet all of the recommended guidelines and regulations for immunisations. Write your newsletter item here (minimum of 300 words in parent friendly language for all families).

IMMUNISATION

Measles is a disease which is very commonly seen in the children of small age. Due to which a large no. Of children are admitted in the hospital. It is very much important for the parents and educators to know the important of immunisation for children and adults in early childhood services. For solving this disease we can create awareness in the people through this letter.

Immunisation is the process of being immune against the disease. It protects children and adults against harmful infection before they come into contact with them in the community. Nine diseases can be cured by routine childhood immunisations which are diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, poliomyelitis (polio), measles, mumps, rubella, HIB and hepatitis B. Immunisation is given in the way of vaccination. It can be injected or swallowing the drop. When it is injected in the body, body start producing an immune response exposure to a disease. If the person comes in contact with the disease in the future then the body is able to make an immune response fast enough to prevent the person from getting sick. This vaccine contains a very small dose of live, dose of killed bacteria, small dose of a modified toxin produced by bacteria. Some vaccines may also contain a small amount of aluminium salt which helps produce a better immune response.

Generally immunisation takes several weeks to work. It is not necessary that every child is protected from the disease even after taking full course of immunisation. 5 per cent of child can be infected by the disease even after taking vaccines.  Common side effects of immunisation can be redness and soreness at the site of injections and mild fever. In Australia there are two reason for immunising everyone which are:

1. Immunisation is the safest and most effective way of giving protection against the disease.

2. The benefit of protection against the disease far outweighs the very small risks of immunisation.

3. As large as people in the community are immunised, the infection can no longer be spread from person to person and the disease dies out altogether.

SCENARIO 4    IMPROVING SAFETY REDUCING INJURIES

QECNT recently completed a spot check of your service as a result of several “serious incident” reports and complaints from parents that were submitted to them in a short space of time. You have received their written report and you now have 21 days in which to respond.  You have identified that in the 8 week period in which the serious incidents occurred, 4 new staff members had commenced work with the service, replacing staff who had been relocated interstate; and several of the regular staff had been away on sick leave.

Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. All primary staff at child care center must be trained in maintain the records while doing regular pest.

You must now respond to each of these breaches of safety regulations. For each of the breaches, you must explain to QECNT:

a. which regulation applies to the breach,

b. the name of the service’s policy and procedure that addresses each issue,

c. any recognized safety guidelines that should be used by the service and the organizations and the websites that provide this information, and 

d. What the service/staff will be doing in the future to avoid each of the breaches re-occurring.

Some of the issues in the QECNT report included:

A.  daily safety checks for opening and closing the service not completed and signed

In this breach, arrival and departure safety regulations of child care centre is compromised.

Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. Service staffs has to be made accountable for daily safety check at opening and closing of center, maintain a log which is signed by the concerned staff and it should be audited regularly.

B. Complaints made by parents to staff about unsafe equipment were ignored.

According to the standards of Northern territory child care centres in this breach, the precautions should be taken to avoid hazards likely which can cause injury is compromised. Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. Service staff is accountable for avoiding the unsafe equipments which should be placed in such manner that children not being injured.

C. at morning tea time children accessed food that had been left uncovered for 30 minutes and unsupervised for 10 minutes

According to the standards Northern Territory Child Care Centres the care centre food shall be each week display in a place which is visible to parents, the menu which provides daily to the children. Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed.

Service staff should be accountable to provide fresh and should not been kept uncovered. The food shall be displayed in a place visible to parents.

D. young children unable to access the water bubblers in the playground and not having access to water for 2 hours during the morning session

In this breach, the young children unable to access the water bubblers and not accessing water for 2 hours in morning. Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. Licensee is accountable for providing fresh water is available for children all times.

E. medication administered by only one staff member and in one case, medication was administered to the wrong child

In the breach, medication administered in one case and by one only abd also administered to wrong child. Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. The licensee should ensures that the responsible staff member is notified of any medication given to the child and any other concerning matter is comes under licensee.

F. 2 families were not notified of head injuries that their child sustained in care

In this breach, child injuries were not notified to the families. Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. The child is kept under adult supervision until the child until recovers from the injury and gives charge to the responsible person.

G. At the end of the day, from 3pm onwards, all children including young babies, were grouped together in the older children’s playground with minimum numbers of staff on duty and other staff were packing up the babies’ playground, cleaning toilets, vacuuming and washing floors etc. As a result several babies and toddlers were injured by older children as they ran around and played in the playground.

In the breach, the staff is minimum on duty and all children were grouped together as they played in the ground.  Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. Service staff accountability is in services operating mixed age groups there shall ne a qualified staff for every 16 children minimum 

H. in the babies’ sleep room, two cots did not meet Australian Safety Standards – they had been donated by a parent

In the breach, the cots donated by parents is not meet Australian safety standards Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. The staff service should arranged cots in such manner that can easy access to each child.

I. 2 high school students were on the premises unsupervised and not signed in  the visitors’ book

In this breach, not anyone’s supervision and not signed in the book the high school students is on premises that is compromised.

Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. Service staff not signed the visitors book and also the students should be supervised by one staff member.

J. upboards that contained dangerous chemicals did not have warning signs

In this breach, the chemicals which is harmful for the health, contains dangerous chemicals.

 Northern Territory child care services standards are the policy and procedure regulation which takes care of such issues. National quality framework and child health and safety regulations which are available on Acecqa website and national quality standards provide guideline on how to improvise this and what should be the minimal standard need to be followed. Staff should have taken safety measures regarding the dangerous chemicals and ensures that staff observes strict health and hygiene practices.

K. signs of pest infestation in the kitchen and no written records of regular pest inspections and treatments

In this breach, a record regarding the regular pest inspections and treatment in kitchens is not in written.

SCENARIO 5 SUPERVISION

At the Annual Excellence in Early Childhood Awards, your service has been awarded the prize for most effective and consistent supervision practices in the Northern Territory.

Naturally, the staff from many centres would like to come and visit your service to learn your strategies for effective supervision.

You will be hosting several staff from other centres next week and you need to prepare a handout that they can take away with them.

You need to explain:

1. how the furniture, equipment and activities are arranged inside and outside so that children can be easily supervised but still have small cosy spaces where they can work or rest on their own or in small groups

2. how new or relief staff know about your supervision plan and what they can and can’t do while on duty

3. how you manage to go on so many excursions when you have 3 children in the older group who have high level additional needs – everyone wants to know how you complete a risk assessment for your excursions. 

Your handout needs to be at least 300 words and must include detailed references to regulations, standards, guidelines or policies and/or procedures.

You might want to take some photos of your indoor and outdoor areas to show how your supervision plans work.

According to the National Quality Standard the regulations requirement in care service centre includes all this :

1. The furniture is placed according to the layouts mentioned in the NQS standard and National Quality Framework setups

2. The furniture should be placed, constructed or protected in such manner that children does not get injuries, for example the sharp corners should be replaced with round ones to avoid any kind of injury

3. The indoor setup tries to provide a homely feeling such as using soft furniture, such as a couch or large armchair, Nontoxic plants, Natural or soft lighting, through the use of window or lamps, Throw pillows, cushions, beanbag chairs

4. The supervision plan specifies the indoor and outdoor settings in such a manner that children can easily find their respective seats and also move easily within the rows and columns

5. By giving then training about the services which are been providing in their care centre

6. By having a proper caretaker at home for the children

7. By taking them on holidays as and when there is a weekends

SCENARIO 6 SPARKLERS

You have just moved up to the NT from down south to take up the position of Area Manager for the “Sparklers” chain of 10 early childhood centres in Darwin, Palmerston and the rural area.

You have heard, on the grapevine, that QECNT and NT Police Fire and Emergency Services are doing joint random checks on emergency management and fire safety in early childhood centres across the Top End.

As you visit the centres for which you are responsible, you are surprised to find that very few of the staff are aware of the fire safety regulations for Schedule 2 Prescribed Buildings – the category that applies to all public early childhood centres and they seem unaware of the range of emergencies that might occur in their service such as a bomb threat. It’s time to do some in-service training and some spot checks of your services before QECNT and NTPFES gets to them.

Plan your in-service training session to include some sharing of information and some practical exercises as well. At the end of the in-service training session, you are going to give all the staff a test and observe them doing the practical exercises in their centres.

Write down the test questions (at least 10 - 15 questions) that the staff will have to answer about emergencies and how to deal with them and include a sample answer for each question. For the practical exercises, develop a checklist that you can tick off as you observe the exercise.

Ans:

A childcare centre is supposed to be fun, educational, and most of all, safe. The QECNT and NT Police fire and emergency services made many fire safety measures for the childcare centre which is to be followed by every childcare centre. But staff of some centre are not aware about the safety measures so different in-service training is been planned for the staff to make them aware about the fire safety regulation. The training for fire safety requirements for child care centre includes location ofbuilding, standards requirement, area exceeding 230 square metres, fire service installation control panels, portable fire fighting equipment, exit sign, emergency lighting, ventilation control system, draperies and curtains, PU foam, exit route plan, premises layout, mechanical ventilating system, metal fence, etc. After providing the training the exam is been conducted for the staff for knowing how much they have learned. So the paper was like this

 Question and answer:

Question 1. How often must your service practice emergency drills like evacuations and lockdowns and what paperwork must be completed? Why must you practice these drills?

Answer: Every 3 months; complete the emergency fire drill record; must practice getting out of the building or into the building as quickly as possible but without frightening the children.

Question 2. What are the restrictions for location of childcare centre?

Answer:  the child care should not be located in any premises designed for residential use, in any industrial building, warehouse, cinemas, premises situated at height of 24m above ground level, premises located vertically above/below a restaurant/club.

Question 3.who will issue the certificate of fire service installation and equipment?

Answer: the registered FSI contractor issue the certificate of fire service installation and equipment.

Question 4: in which area the fire detection system and smoke detection system should be applied for the care centre whose area is less then 230 square metres?

Answer: the fire detection system shall be provided for the entire centre and smoke detection shall be provided in area which is used for sleeping accommodation. The system shall be linked to the fire services communication centre by direct telephone line.

Question 5. Where fire service installation control panels should be installed?

Answer: all fire services installations control panels shall be installed at the reception area or near the main entrance inside the centre.

Question 6. What are the perimeters for exit signs?

Answer: all exist shall be suitably indicated by illuminated signs bearing the word and characters in block letters and characters of not less than 125mm high with 15mm strokes.

Question 7: at which place emergency lightening shall be provided?

Answer: emergency lighting shall be provided to the premises and the attached requirement for self-contained luminaries emergency lighting system shall be complied with.

Question 8: to which British standard the combustible material is conform?

Answer: the material shall conform to British standard 476: part class 1 or 2.

Question 9. Which material must be used for making draperies and curtains?

Answer: all draperies and curtains if installed should be made of fire resistant material.

Question 10. For what PU filled with?

Answer: all polyurethane foam are filled with mattresses and covering material used for fabrication of mattresses.

Question 11. How exit route plan should be made?

Answer:  an exit route plan drawn to a ratio of not less than 1:200 showing the floor layout of the premises and the directions of egress to escape staircases and means of escape shall be displayed prominently on wall. The size of the exit plan shall not be less than 250mm ? 250mm and shall be affixed at a height of 1500mm above the floor level.

SCENARIO 7 CAR RESTRAINTS SAVE LIVES

Your Director has asked you to find out where you can access training on the correct installation of approved car restraints in line with current NT legislation. What training is available on this topic and where can you access this training?

Ans- Yes , I can access training on the current installation of approved car restraints in line with current NT legislation and to avail this training online registration is been done on the basis of which appointment is been scheduled,  membership option is also available with the individuals which is generally taken by retailers, family service provider or educators, child cares, manufacturers, car rental agencies. The only institute which provide this training is Australian Child restraint Resource who provides trainingand membership network specialising in providing individuals and organisations with the highest level of child restraint training and support. Since it is a law in Australia to use car restraints till the child gets 7 years old and according to different age groups it been available to according to age it has to be used. If anyone is found carrying a child in car without car restraints then he/she has been punished.  Following are the car restraints which are available

1. Children under seven must be restrained in a suitable, approved child restraint or booster seat.

2. Children under six months must be restrained in a rear-facing position.

3. Children between six months and under four years must be restrained in a rear- or forward-facing restraint.

4. Children between four and fewer than seven must be restrained in a forward-facing restraint or booster seat.

Importances of car restraints are as follow

1. Prevention from road traffic death and injury

2. Car seats are either too big or small due to which child is not comfortable as well as is less secured.

3. Developing brains and spinal cords; brain and spinal cord damage are more dangerous in children, whose brains and bodies are still developing.

4. Children's smaller size, which makes it easier for even a relatively light bump to your car to send them flying.

Children's lower self-control; an adult knows to sit still in his or her seat. But your child may squirm in his car seat or booster seat if he is not properly secured; making him more vulnerable if you get into a crash.

BIBLIOGRPAHY

Australian Children’s Education & Care Quality Authority (2015). Guide to Developing a Quality Improvement Plan.  Viewed 13/02/2017 http://acecqa.gov.au/storage/4%20-%20Guide%20to%20Developing%20a%20Quality%20Improvement%20Plan.pdf

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